Exploration of Novel Antibacterial Strategies Against Salmonella

Date of Award

Spring 2022

Document Type

Dissertation

Degree Name

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Department

Biological Sciences

First Advisor

Boakai K. Robertson

Second Advisor

Robert Villafane

Third Advisor

Qiana Matthews

Abstract

The development of novel antibacterial strategies is of utmost importance in this current period of antibiotic and multi-drug resistance. The increasing prevalence of resistant bacterial species over the 21 st century has magnified the need for novel and effective antibacterial strategies. The potential for resistant strains to become prevalent within food sources is a current concern. The prevalence of pathogenic bacteria with emerging resistance presents a severe hazard to the health and economy of the world. This work focuses on the development of two novel and potentially effective therapeutic strategies against Salmonella spp. Through several in vitro techniques these studies screen both Salmonella bacteriophage P22 and Cannabis sativa cannabidiol (CBD) extract for antibacterial function against Salmonella species typhimurium and newington .  The results of these studies confirm and quantify the antibacterial function of P22 against S. typhimurium in pathophysiological conditions and the antibacterial activity of CBD against S. typhimurium and S. newington . P22 studies exhibited the stability of the phage and its ability to retain antibacterial function against S. typhimurium in a variety of pathophysiological conditions consistent with human infection. CBD studies confirmed the botanical extracts antibacterial function against S. typhimurium and S. newington , as well as explored the potential synergistic relationships between our novel strategies and broad-spectrum antibiotics. Results determined that at synergistic concentrations ampicillin-CBD and polymyxin B-CBD co-treatment reduced S. typhimurium growth 3 log and 5 log CFU/mL respectively compared to antibiotic mono-treatment. The results of these studies encourage further development of novel therapeutic strategies and provide foundational knowledge on the interactions between P22 and CBD with Salmonella and broad-spectrum antibiotics. 

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